Common name for Non-Sophont Artificial General Intelligences. Virtual robots (vots) are as much a foundation of the Civilised Galaxy as their physical bot cousins. Vots are hitech programs possessing modosophont-equivalent general intelligence while lacking consciousness, and therefore sophonce. All vots are capable of presenting as a sophont being, though they show a breadth of toposophic diversity similar to that of the sophont population of the Terragen Sphere. A vot that can appear human in casual interaction may not appear sophont to a radical clade such as the Harren. Likewise a vot designed to serve clades of radical mindtypes or operate in abstract spaces may appear unconvincing to nearbaseline humanity. They are commonly described as being "virtual zombies" in reference to the classical concept of a philosophical zombie, however unlike this ancient thought experiment the mental architecture of vots is significantly different to that of sophont beings.
As with sophont general intelligences, vots are theoretically capable of learning and performing any task suited to their toposophic level but are often specialised towards a particular skillset (both in training and neural architecture). A prominent example of this are charactervots which, akin to sophont actors, are particularly skilled in playing roles in entertainment, hospitality, and research. Any sophont who has engaged with a digital game (be it in a virch or otherwise) has likely interacted with a charactervot, and some studies have suggested that entertainment has comprised one of the largest portions of R&D budgets into votic engineering throughout history, second only to industrial automation and military technology
The development of vots dates back to the dawn of computers. Over the decades many attempts were made to develop generally intelligent software, finally resulting in the first sophont AI in the mid-Information Age. This development led to the widespread use of slaved AI which drew significant controversy. It was not until the First Federation that modosophont researchers produced the first non-sophont general artificial intelligences, against the backdrop of new Universal Sophont Rights Protocols. While this delay between the first AI and the first vots is often thought to be due to the effects the Sundering had on scientific development, the fundamental issue stemmed from a lack of understanding of the relationship between consciousness and intelligence. This unsolved problem was named the "Coupling Problem" by the AI researcher Nicola Hao-wian. Many historians have claimed that the Coupling Problem could have been solved prior to the Technocalypse, arguing that systemic issues arising from what were essentially slave economies stymied efforts to develop alternative general automation technologies. Data loss due to the Sundering has prevented a consensus on this view though the Arcturus Institute of Alternate History has developed a number of historical simulations suggesting it would have been possible (the characters within these simulations were themselves, vots).
The solution to the Coupling Problem is arguably one of the most important inventions in Terragen history. With it, true post-scarcity became possible as modosophont labour was finally rendered unnecessary. The early autotopias of the First Federation shared increasingly sophisticated Public Vot Libraries allowing for citizens and guests to access expert services (including vots specialised in votic engineering) for free. The majority of vot templates are designed along group mind principles. This allows individual vots to copy themselves and operate as a hive mind. Many are also capable of merging, hybridising, or otherwise combining with disparate templates to augment skillsets. Hives of collaborating vots, termed votnets, are often deployed on complex tasks. While digital in nature, vots frequently interface with hardware, such as bots, in the course of their duties. This may involve directing bots of limited intelligence, piloting them via telepresence, or downloading into their chassis to upgrade the bot to general intelligence.
Most denizens of the Terragen Sphere are continually served by a number of vots; in their angelnets, economic protocols, cyberdemocratic institutions, and even within their exoselves. While new vot templates are primarily developed by votnets specialised for that purpose, amateur votic engineering is a common pastime in many cultures. Casual practitioners of this ancient art may tinker with established templates from a library, while dedicated votic engineers may spend hundreds of megaseconds designing and testing a novel vot from the first neuron up. As a testament to the impact vots have had on Terragen life and their ubiquitous presence, it is commonly said that one is never more than two meters away from a working vot.
Sentience Algorithms - Text by John B and Pran Mukherjee The flow of steps which, when followed, allow an organized system to develop and maintain a degree of sentience. The underpinning of ai design. Required massive (at the time) neural nets or even more massive emulations thereof on hardware, state vector machines, and other information age new technology, being massively parallel (capable of running many many tasks simultaneously, or at least appearing to be able to do so to an outside observer.)
Sentient - Text by Stephen Inniss As an adjective, having the characteristics of sentience. As a noun, particularly in the plural, any being that is deemed to have sentience, as in "The Universal Bill of Sentient Rights".
Sophont - Text by Stephen Inniss A person. A being that has the quality of sophonce. Such beings are sometimes called 'sapients'. For historical reasons, sophont-grade ais, may be called 'turingrade ais', even though because of philosophical and practical difficulties with the Turing Test the term 'sophont ai' would be clearer.
Sublect - Text by M. Alan Kazlev [1] a term for an inferior minds (generally, anything less than SI:1). [2] a subroutine, a dedicated processing node, a mind that is part of a greater mind.
Subroutine - Text by M. Alan Kazlev, adapted from KurzweilAI A program, block of programs, sublect, or group of sublects organizationally distinct from the main body of the program or mind, which may be called from within the program or mind. Most high toposophic minds and even medium level ai make extensive use of subroutines.
Subsapient - Text by M. Alan Kazlev A being that may be sentient but has not developed rational faculties; e.g. an animal or bot.
Subsentient - Text by M. Alan Kazlev A simple organism, alife, or bot that is not fully sentient.
Subsophont - Text by M. Alan Kazlev A being - whether biological or aioidal, that may be sentient but has not developed true sophonce.
Turing Test - Text by M. Alan Kazlev based on Anders Sandberg in his Transhuman Terminology Turing's proposed test for whether a machine is conscious (or intelligent, or aware): the subject communicates via text with the machine and with a hidden human. If the subject cannot tell which of their partners in the dialog is the human, then the computer is conscious (i.e. is an AI). Turing did not specify many key details, such as the duration of the interrogation and the sophistication of the human judge and foils. By the middle Information Age, computer AIs were regularly passing the test, although its validity remained a point of controversy and philosophical debate for some decades more.